基于交易记录特征的自私挖矿检测方案

王贺立; 闫巧

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023025

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基于交易记录特征的自私挖矿检测方案

学术论文 | 更新时间：2024-06-03

- 基于交易记录特征的自私挖矿检测方案
- Selfish mining detection scheme based on the characters of transactions
- 网络与信息安全学报 2023年9卷第2期页码：104-114
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王贺立（1994- ），男，湖北恩施人，深圳大学硕士生，主要研究方向为区块链安全" ]
  [ "闫巧（1972- ），女，重庆人，深圳大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为网络安全、人工智能和物联网" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金;The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61976142);深圳市科技计划项目;Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan Project(JCYJ20210324093609025)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023025
  中图分类号： TP391
- 网络首发：2023-04，
  
  纸质出版：2023-04-25
- 稿件说明：
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王贺立, 闫巧. 基于交易记录特征的自私挖矿检测方案[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2023,9(2):104-114.

Heli WANG, Qiao YAN. Selfish mining detection scheme based on the characters of transactions[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2023, 9(2): 104-114.
王贺立, 闫巧. 基于交易记录特征的自私挖矿检测方案[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2023,9(2):104-114. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023025.

Heli WANG, Qiao YAN. Selfish mining detection scheme based on the characters of transactions[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2023, 9(2): 104-114. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023025.

摘要

自私挖矿攻击是一种挖矿策略，存在基于工作量证明（PoW，proof of work）机制的区块链中。自私矿工通过延迟区块广播的时机来截取其他矿工的挖矿奖励，以此获得比正常情况下更多的收益。这种攻击对工作量证明机制的激励相容性造成了破坏。近年来，自私挖矿这一攻击行为被研究者从许多角度进行了研究和分析。然而这一挖矿策略利用了工作量证明机制区块链在网络延迟方面存在的缺陷，使得采用这一挖矿策略的矿工在行为上与正常挖矿行为没有明显的区别，导致当前缺少可以有效检测出自私挖矿行为的方案。因此，提出了一种自私挖矿的检测方案，该检测方案创新性地利用了区块链中区块的高度和区块中的交易记录特征，可以做到对网络中的自私挖矿行为进行实时检测，有一定的实用价值。所提检测方案为生成的新区块定义了一个状态值，这个状态值与区块中包含的交易数量、支付给矿工的交易费用等数据有关。根据这些特征值间的数学关系，可以判断出该区块是否来自自私矿工。通过仿真实验测试了攻击者在不同算力下，该检测方案的检测情况。结果表明，所提检测方案在判断区块是否来自自私挖矿时，有86.02%以上的检测准确率，可以有效地对自私挖矿产生的区块进行检测。

Abstract

Selfish mining is an attack strategy in Proof-of-Work based blockchains

where attackers withhold their mined blocks to intercept the awards of other honest miners

resulting in higher profitability.This attack undermines the incentive compatibility of Proof-of-Work.Although there are various studies from researchers in recent years

there is no effective detection scheme as the vulnerability of blockchain in propagation delay makes it challenging to distinguish the attackers from honest miners.A scheme for selfish mining detection was introduced.In this scheme

a state value was assigned to the new block based on transaction amount and the transaction fee of the block.By analyzing the relationship between state value and transaction characteristics

we can determine if the block was mined by a selfish miner.The scheme is verified by an experiment with an accuracy of 86.02%.

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Keywords

references

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