DNS解析失败分析方法综述

曾濛; 朱宇佳; 李白杨; 王志洋; 陈闻宇; 刘庆云

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2026002

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DNS解析失败分析方法综述

综述 | 更新时间：2026-05-26

- DNS解析失败分析方法综述
- Survey of DNS resolution failure analysis methods
- 网络与信息安全学报 2026年12卷第1期页码：1-17
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院信息工程研究所，北京 100085
  2.中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院，北京 100049
  3.中国互联网络信息中心，北京 100079
- 作者简介：
  
  曾濛（1998- ），男，山东淄博人，中国科学院信息工程研究所硕士生，主要研究方向为网络空间测绘。
  朱宇佳（1984- ），女，江苏无锡人，博士，中国科学院信息工程研究所副研究员，主要研究方向为网络空间测绘、域名安全、网络大数据分析。
  李白杨（1995- ），男，河南平顶山人，中国科学院信息工程研究所工程师，主要研究方向为网络空间测绘、域名体系安全。
  王志洋（1984- ），男，安徽枞阳人，中国互联网络信息中心高级工程师，主要研究方向为智能信息处理和互联网基础资源管理。
  陈闻宇（1980- ），男，江苏无锡人，博士，中国互联网络信息中心高级工程师，主要研究方向为互联网基础资源、网络安全、大数据和区块链技术。
  刘庆云（1980- ），男，河北衡水人，博士，中国科学院信息工程研究所正研级高级工程师、博士生导师，主要研究方向为网络空间测绘、网络空间安全。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划(2024YFF1401304)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2026002
  中图分类号： TP393
- 收稿：2025-07-16，
  
  修回：2025-10-19，
  
  纸质出版：2026-02-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
曾濛, 朱宇佳, 李白杨, 等. DNS解析失败分析方法综述[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2026, 12(1): 1-17.

Zeng Meng, Zhu Yujia, Li Baiyang, et al. Survey of DNS resolution failure analysis methods[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2026, 12(1): 1-17.
曾濛, 朱宇佳, 李白杨, 等. DNS解析失败分析方法综述[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2026, 12(1): 1-17. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2026002.

Zeng Meng, Zhu Yujia, Li Baiyang, et al. Survey of DNS resolution failure analysis methods[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2026, 12(1): 1-17. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2026002.

摘要

域名系统（domain name system

DNS）是互联网的核心基础设施，其解析可靠性直接影响网络服务的可用性与用户体验。然而，随着DNS的功能扩展与体系结构复杂度的增加，DNS解析失败日益频发。现有针对DNS解析失败的研究较为碎片化，缺乏系统性的归纳与方法论支撑。鉴于此，从协议实施缺陷、配置错误、域名滥用、网络与管理问题4个维度提出分类归因框架，系统地刻画了DNS解析失败的成因与特征。基于该框架，结合互联网工程任务组发布的请求评议标准与典型案例，提出了协议一致性测试、自动化配置校验、域名信誉评分、高可用部署架构等缓解思路，为DNS故障诊断和防护提供系统化的分析视角与实践参考。

Abstract

As the cornerstone of Internet infrastructure

the Domain Name System (DNS) underpins network availability and user experience. However

the continuous evolution of DNS functionality and its growing architectural complexity have significantly exacerbated the risk of resolution failures. Despite this

existing literature remained fragmented and lacked systematic synthesis or a robust methodological foundation. To address this gap

a four-dimensional attribution framework was proposed to systematically characterize the etiology and patterns of DNS failures

covering protocol implementation defects

configuration errors

domain abuse

and network management challenges. Based on this framework

mitigation strategies were further identified by integrating the request for comments (RFC) standards published by the internet engineering task force (IETF) with real-world case studies

including protocol compliance testing

automated configuration validation

domain reputation scoring

and high-availability deployment architecture. This work provides a comprehensive analytical perspective and practical guidelines for effective DNS failure diagnosis and resilience.

关键词

Keywords

references

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