基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案

高汉成; 吉浩宇; 高晨昊; 黄海平

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2024015

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基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案

学术论文 | 更新时间：2024-08-14

- 基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案
- Individual health passport storage, sharing and verification scheme based on blockchain
- 网络与信息安全学报 2024年10卷第2期页码：95-105
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京邮电大学计算机学院，江苏南京 210023
  2.江苏省无线传感网高技术研究重点实验室，江苏南京 210023
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "高汉成（1998- ），男，河南洛阳人，南京邮电大学博士生，主要研究方向为区块链和数据隐私保护。" ]
  [ "吉浩宇（1997- ），男，辽宁建昌人，南京邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为区块链和隐私保护。" ]
  [ "高晨昊（1997- ），男，安徽马鞍山人，南京邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为区块链技术。" ]
  [ "黄海平（1981- ），男，福建三明人，南京邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为物联网、信息安全、数据隐私保护。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(62072252);江苏省科研与实践创新计划(KYCX22_1016)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2024015
  中图分类号： TN918
- 收稿：2023-12-15，
  
  修回：2024-02-29，
  
  纸质出版：2024-04-15
- 稿件说明：
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高汉成, 吉浩宇, 高晨昊, 等. 基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2024, 10(02): 95-105.

Format: GAO H C, JI H Y, GAO C H, et al. Individual health passport storage, sharing and verification scheme based on blockchain[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2024, 10(02): 95-105.
高汉成, 吉浩宇, 高晨昊, 等. 基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案[J]. 网络与信息安全学报, 2024, 10(02): 95-105. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2024015.

Format: GAO H C, JI H Y, GAO C H, et al. Individual health passport storage, sharing and verification scheme based on blockchain[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2024, 10(02): 95-105. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2024015.

摘要

随着人们对出境需求的增加，个人健康护照成为确认旅行者健康状态、满足入境要求的重要工具。针对个人健康护照全球共享所面临“信息孤岛”、隐私保护和易伪造等难题，提出了一种基于区块链的个人健康护照存储、共享与验证方案。方案在采用链上链下协同存储的同时，通过结合可搜索加密和区块链技术，优化了区块链上的存储方式，减少区块链的存储压力，同时实现用户个人数据的可靠存储及安全共享。方案对弱共识机制进行了优化，优化后的算法达成共识只需要2个阶段，从而减小了节点间达成共识的通信复杂度，提高了整个区块链系统的吞吐量。为适应多用户场景，方案引入并改进了聚合签名技术，减轻了签名验证的计算负担，使方案能够快速追溯恶意伪造者。方案给出了全面的安全性分析，证明方案是安全可靠的。最后，仿真实验结果表明，相较于现有方案，在多用户场景下方案的计算开销最高优化了49.89%，通信开销最高优化了25.81%，所提出的共识机制在不同节点数量下效率也有较大的优势。

Abstract

As the demand for international travel escalates

the individual health passport has emerged as an essential instrument for verifying the health status of travelers and fulfilling entry criteria. To tackle the challenges associated with the global sharing of individual health passports

including information fragmentation

privacy concerns

and the risk of counterfeiting

a blockchain-based scheme for the secure storage

sharing

and verification of individual health passports was developed. This scheme employed a hybrid on-chain and off-chain storage methodology and incorporated searchable encryption with blockchain technology. This integration aimed to streamline blockchain storage

alleviating the storage load while guaranteeing the dependable archiving and secure dissemination of user-sensitive data. The scheme also refined the weak consensus mechanism

with an improved algorithm that achieved consensus in merely two stages. This innovation significantly diminished the communication complexity among nodes and amplified the throughput capacity of the blockchain system. To cater to multi-user environments

the scheme introduced and enhanced aggregate signature technology. This enhancement minimized the computational load associated with signature verification and facilitated the swift identification of potential malicious forgers. An exhaustive security analysis was conducted to substantiate the scheme's security and dependability. Subsequent simulation outcomes indicate that

in comparison to existing solutions

the proposed scheme realizes substantial optimizations of up to 49.89% in computational overhead and 25.81% in communication overhead within multi-user contexts. Moreover

the proposed consensus mechanism demonstrates significant efficiency benefits across varying node counts.

关键词

Keywords

references

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