JPEG reversible data hiding method based on optimal DCT frequency embedding

Ziyang ZHOU; Yun TAN; Jiaohua QIN; Xuyu XIANG

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023062

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

JPEG reversible data hiding method based on optimal DCT frequency embedding

Papers | 更新时间：2024-06-03

- JPEG reversible data hiding method based on optimal DCT frequency embedding
- Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security Vol. 9, Issue 4, Pages: 166-177(2023)
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023062
  CLC： TP393
- Online First：2023-08，
  
  Published：25 August 2023
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Ziyang ZHOU, Yun TAN, Jiaohua QIN, et al. JPEG reversible data hiding method based on optimal DCT frequency embedding[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2023, 9(4): 166-177.
DOI：

Ziyang ZHOU, Yun TAN, Jiaohua QIN, et al. JPEG reversible data hiding method based on optimal DCT frequency embedding[J]. Chinese Journal of Network and Information Security, 2023, 9(4): 166-177. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-109x.2023062.

摘要

JPEG（joint photographic experts group）图像不仅能够保证良好的画质，且所需存储空间较小，是目前互联网应用最广泛的图像格式。JPEG图像可逆信息隐藏（RDH

reversible data hiding）方法可以隐藏和提取秘密信息，并无损恢复原始图像，被广泛用于文件管理和图像认证，具有非常重要的意义。现有的大多数RDH 方法在嵌入秘密信息后会明显增加载密图像的存储空间，对基于离散余弦变换（DCT

discrete cosine transform）系数嵌入的方法来说，如何选择频段位置是影响 JPEG图像可逆信息隐藏性能的关键问题。提出一种基于最优DCT频段嵌入的JPEG图像可逆信息隐藏方法。将熵解码后的JPEG图像分割成大小为8×8非重叠的DCT块，计算每个DCT块的平均纹理复杂度并进行升序排序，并将相邻DCT块中相同频段的交流系数（AC

alternating current）进行两两配对，在满足待嵌入信息容量的条件下，根据AC系数频段的失真代价函数求出最优 AC 系数频段位置集合。根据所设计的二维直方图映射策略嵌入秘密信息。实验结果表明，与现有方法相比，所提方法不仅降低了载密图像文件存储大小的扩展，且载密图像能够保持良好的视觉质量。

Abstract

Joint photographic experts group (JPEG) images are widely used on the Internet due to their ability to maintain good picture quality while requiring less storage space.Reversible data hiding (RDH) techniques for JPEG images enable the hiding and extraction of secret information while allowing for lossless restoration of the original image.RDH is of great significance in file management and image authentication.However

many existing RDH methods result in a significant increase in the storage space of the encoded image after embedding secret information.For methods based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficient embedding

the key issue that affects the performance of reversible information hiding in JPEG images is how to select the frequency band position.A reversible information hiding method for JPEG images was proposed

based on optimal DCT frequency embedding.The entropy decoded JPEG image was divided into 8×8 non-overlapping DCT blocks.The average texture complexity of each DCT block was calculated and ordered in ascending order.Then the alternating current (AC) in adjacent DCT blocks was paired pairwise.By satisfying the capacity of the information to be embedded

the optimal AC coefficient frequency position set was obtained from the distortion cost function of the AC coefficient frequency.The secret information was embedded according to the designed two-dimensional histogram mapping strategy.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce the expansion of the loaded image file’s storage size compared to existing methods

while maintaining good visual quality of the cover image.

关键词

Keywords

references

SHI Y Q , LI X L , ZHANG X P , et al . Reversible data hiding:advances in the past two decades [J ] . IEEE Access , 2016 , 4 ( 1 ): 3210 - 3237 .

BARTON J M . Method and apparatus for embedding authentication information within digital data [P ] . United States Patent,No:5646997 , 1997 .

FRIDRICH J , GOLJAN M , DU R . Lossless data embedding for all image formats [J ] . Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents IV , 2002 , 4675 ( 1 ): 572 - 583 .

WANG K , LU Z M , HU Y J . A high capacity lossless data hiding scheme for JPEG images [J ] . Journal of Systems and Software , 2013 , 86 ( 7 ): 1965 - 1975 .

CHEN L S T , LIN S J , LIN J C . Reversible JPEG-based hiding method with high hiding-ratio [J ] . International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence , 2010 , 24 ( 3 ): 433 - 456 .

MOBASSERI B G , BERGER R J , MARCINAK M P , et al . Data embedding in JPEG bitstream by code mapping [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Image Processing , 2009 , 19 ( 4 ): 958 - 966 .

QIAN Z X , ZHANG X PENG . Lossless data hiding in JPEG bitstream [J ] . Journal of Systems and Software . 2012 , 85 ( 2 ): 309 - 313 .

DU Y , YIN Z X , ZHANG X P . Improved lossless data hiding for JPEG images based on histogram modification [J ] . Comput Mater Cont , 2018 , 55 ( 3 ): 495 - 507 .

DU Y , YIN Z X , ZHANG X P . High capacity lossless data hiding in JPEG bitstream based on general VLC mapping [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing , 2020 , 55 ( 3 ): 1420 - 1433 .

QIU Y Q , HE H , QIAN Z X , et al . Lossless data hiding in JPEG bitstream using alternative embedding [J ] . Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation , 2018 , 52 : 86 - 91 .

QIU Y Q , QIAN Z X , HE H , et al . Optimized lossless data hiding in JPEG bitstream and relay transfer-based extension [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology , 2020 , 31 ( 4 ): 1380 - 1394 .

ZHANG C , OU B , TIAN H W , et al . Reversible data hiding in JPEG bitstream using optimal VLC mapping [J ] . Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation , 2020 ,71:102821.

DU Y , YIN Z X . New framework for code-mapping-based reversible data hiding in JPEG images [J ] . Information Sciences , 2022 , 609 : 319 - 338 .

XUAN G R , SHI Y Q , NI Z C , et al . Reversible data hiding for JPEG images based on histogram pairs [C ] // Proceeding of the International Conference Image Analysis and Recognition . 2007 : 715 - 727 .

HUANG F J , QU X C , KIM H J , et al . Reversible data hiding in JPEG images [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology , 2016 , 26 ( 9 ): 1610 - 1621 .

WEDAJ F T , KIM S , KIM H J , et al . Improved reversible data hiding in JPEG images based on new coefficient selection strategy [J ] . EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing , 2017 , 2017 : 1 - 11 .

HOU D D , WANG H Q , ZHANG W M , et al . Reversible data hiding in JPEG image based on DCT frequency and block selection [J ] . Signal Processing , 2018 , 148 : 41 - 47 .

YIN Z X , JI Y , LUO B . Reversible data hiding in JPEG images with multi-objective optimization [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology , 2020 , 30 ( 8 ): 2343 - 2352 .

HE J H , CHEN J X , TANG S H . Reversible data hiding in JPEG images based on negative influence models [J ] . IEEE Transaction Security , 2020 , 15 : 2121 - 2133 .

DI F Q , ZHANG M Q , HUANG F J , et al . Reversible data hiding in JPEG images based on zero coefficients and distortion cost function [J ] . Multimedia Tools and Applications , 2019 , 78 ( 24 ): 34541 - 34561 .

YAO H , MAO F Y , QIN C , et al . Dual-JPEG-image reversible data hiding [J ] . Information Sciences , 2021 , 563 : 130 - 149 .

LYU W , GUO H N , DU Y , et al . Multi-domain reversible data hiding in JPEG images [C ] // ACM Turing Award Celebration Conference . 2021 : 241 - 247 .

ZHAN W Y , YAO H . Reversible data hiding for JPEG images with a cascaded structure [J ] . IET Image Processing , 2022 , 16 ( 5 ): 1486 - 1499 .

CHEN K J , ZHOU H , HOU D D , et al . Reversible data hiding in JPEG images under multi-distortion metric [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology , 2020 , 31 ( 10 ): 3942 - 3953 .

陆兴 , 黄方军 . 基于二维直方图修改的 JPEG 图像可逆信息隐藏 [J ] . 网络空间安全 , 2019 , 10 ( 8 ): 55 - 64 .

LU X , HUANG F J . Reversible information hiding in JPEG images based on two-dimensional histogram modification [J ] . Security in Cyberspace , 2019 , 10 ( 8 ): 55 - 64 .

LI N , HUANG F J . Reversible data hiding for JPEG images based on pairwise nonzero AC coefficient expansion [J ] . Signal Processing , 2020 ,171:107476.

HE B , Chen Y , Zhou Y , et al . A novel two-dimensional reversible data hiding scheme based on high-efficiency histogram shifting for JPEG images [J ] . International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks , 2022 , 18 ( 3 ).

OU B , LI X L , ZHAO Y , et al . Pairwise prediction-error expansion for efficient reversible data hiding [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Image Processing , 2013 , 22 ( 12 ): 5010 - 5021 .

Views

327

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

Adaptable privacy protection scheme in JPEG images

Reversible data hiding algorithm in encrypted images based on prediction error and bitplane coding

Reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on additive homomorphic encryption and multi-MSB embedding

Reversible data hiding scheme based on enhanced image smoothness

Reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on fine-grained embedding room reservation

Related Author

Nenghai YU

Fei HU

Hongxin WEN

Mengning JI

Haiyong WANG

Wenqian XIAO

Gaobo YANG

Dewang WANG

Related Institution

School of Computer Science and Technology,Anhui University

Liu 'an Teaching and Research Office,Liu’an

PKU-HKUST Shenzhen Hong Kong Institution

CAS Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Information, University of Science and Technology of China

Anhui University,School of Electronics and Information Engineering

⁰